Global Immunological & Infectious Diseases Review

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most frequently encountered diseases in human history, and it is triggered mostly by two factors: one is genetic and the other environmental. According to the World Health Organization, one in every four individuals is diabetic or pre-diabetic, which is a frightening statistic. During the Coronavirus pandemic, there is also a significant setback in the management... read more PDF     Full Text     Views (2102)

Immunotherapy has always been scrutinized to its extent when it comes to having a promising cure for cancer. Advancement in this field is ever growing with the new immunomodulatory agents being discovered or modified along with their complete characterization extracted from plants and fungi as well. Due to the lack of complete understanding of either the structure or the mechanism by which they... read more PDF     Full Text     Views (2078)

The rapid change in the failure of antimicrobial therapy due to an increase in the number of infections caused by antimicrobial resistance and the commencement of comprehensive resistant strains robustly claim detection of appliances causing the improvement of drug resistance. In this article, we review the double tactics to decrease antimicrobial resistance infections in hospitals by the impro... read more PDF     Full Text     Views (1978)

Malaria is still on the rise and affecting millions each year. The main reason is the development of resistance against the existing treatments and the requirement of the new regimen. Various areas in Southeast Asia have shown adverse health complications due to drug resistance. The transmission of malaria takes place through the Anopheles mosquito, and it is treated by antimalarial drugs that ... read more PDF     Full Text     Views (1970)

Covid-19 is a category B type infection, but it has created a serious threat across the globe because the pandemic spread more quickly than any other in history. Before the spring festival, the epidemic in China just begun. Different measures, including mobilization of health care workers, building new hospitals and imposing the lockdown, were undertaken to minimize the spread. In South Korea, ... read more PDF     Full Text     Views (1759)

Malaria is still on the rise and affecting millions eachread more PDF     Full Text     Views (1641)

Viral hepatitis B and Viral hepatitis C are one of the leading causes of disease and death in the present-day world. These viruses greatly affect the liver by causing inflammation, cirrhosis, fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and even causes the death of affected individuals. It requires highly cautious treatment to resolve complications associated with it, including abnormal levels of s... read more PDF     Full Text     Views (1589)

COVID-19 has posed a great threat to mankind, there is a dire need to introduce a vaccine to combat this global pandemic. Several vaccines are underway to complete their phase 3 clinical trials. This article highlights events surrounding the ongoing clinical trials of vaccines effective against COVID-19, and different procedures and formalities the vaccine will have to endure to get EUA. Clinic... read more PDF     Full Text     Views (1551)

With the discovery of EGFR, it is now quite possible for the scientific world to treat patients with personalized medicine. Liquid biopsy is the invasive technique used to characterize human tumors by examining human body fluid. Different biomarkers are used to analyze tumor cells, but the most common of them is cell-free DNA. Liquid biopsy can identify tumor biomarkers to identify cancer of th... read more PDF     Full Text     Views (1540)

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic that is caused by novel SARS-CoV-2 has taken the life of millions of people around the globe and has put a challenge on the whole world for identifying and developing the best possible therapies for preventing and treating this deadly infection. Clinical study and health policy and clinical interventions are required for advancements in the effective and sa... read more PDF     Full Text     Views (1511)

A new coronavirus that emerged in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China has now spread to almost every country on Earth. At the end of February, Pakistan reported its first case. Three weeks after the initial incident, with a total of more than 880 cases, the nation went into lockdown. While a month-long shutdown in Pakistan successfully contained the COVID-19 pandemic... read more PDF     Full Text     Downloads (0)

The limited dorsiflexion at the ankle joint is characterized by Equinus deformity. It has a large impact on mobility and functionality at all ages. Usually, Achilles tendon stretching and Ankle Foot Orthosis (AFOs) are used as a treatment but have low efficiency and flexibility. Frequently adjustment to AFOs required through dynamic foot positioning makes this treat... read more PDF     Full Text     Downloads (0)

To evaluate the effects of coenzyme Q10A and clomiphene citrate taken in addition to other drugs to stimulate ovulation in people with polycystic ovarian syndrome. The Department conducted the study of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pakistan Ordinance Factory (POF), Wah Cantonment, Rawalpindi from Mar 2019 to Feb 2021 By using a lottery, all of the patients were split into two random groups. Group ... read more PDF     Full Text     Downloads (0)

Traditional knee-ankle-foot Orthosis causes irregularities and energy waste because it restricts knee bending when walking. High costs, size, and complexity limit accessibility.To fabricate a low-cost Stance Control Orthotic Knee Joint that allows free knee motion during a swing and resists knee flexion during stance.This was an experimental case study. A 24-year-ol... read more PDF     Full Text     Downloads (0)

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral illness that predominantly affects cloven-hoofed animals. To identify and profile the predominant FMDV serotypes circulating in Baluchistan bovine and buffalo populations. Twenty tissue samples were collected and analyzed using sandwich indirect ELISA and RT-PCR to identify the presence and genetic characteristics of FMD virus. We identi... read more PDF     Full Text     Downloads (0)

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of corn and wheat on broiler liver health. Hundred one-day-old birds were divided into two groups. A standard diet was fed to Group I while corn (50%) with new wheat (50%) was fed to Group II. Blood samples were collected from five birds from each group on the 21st and 35th days to determine serum ALT, TAC, and TOS levels. ALT levels did... read more PDF     Full Text     Downloads (0)

This study aimed to develop a Pneumatic Artificial Muscle (PAM) model to improve foot function and walking in podiatric patients with foot drop caused by neurological diseases. Determine the PAM for patients who know as compared to AFO and which is more effective. The PAM model was utilized to assist four-foot drop patients with foot drop for 12 weeks, with data col... read more PDF     Full Text     Downloads (0)

The review's goals are to: a) provide a clear overview of current solubility and dissolution science, b) describe common technologies for assessing solubility and dissolution, and c) recommend the best practice technique. The theories of solubility and dissolution that are required in drug development have been examined, with an emphasis on oral absorption. Dissolution had been elaborated with ... read more PDF     Full Text     Downloads (0)

Staphylococcus aureus is the most pathogenic species in the genus, having been linked to nosocomial infections as well as community-acquired infections. In healthy people, it frequently colonises the skin and mucous membranes asymptomatically, especially the anterior nares. These days, community-acquired MRSA is a significant issue. The goal of the current investiga... read more PDF     Full Text     Downloads (0)

The primary goal of this research is to investigate the interaction between information communication technology and health facilities. To achieve this goal, the panel data set is used from 1971 to 2020 from Pakistan's perspective. The study used pooled OLS, fixed effect estimates, and random effect approaches in its analysis. ICT is a broad topic, thus we quantified it using fixed broadband an... read more PDF     Full Text     Downloads (0)